Oil-btjknee



J. L. BECK.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION man MAR. 13. ms.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

IIIIIII/ m I I I I 0 J. L. BECK.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I3, 1910.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0, WASHINGTON, u. c.

PA'rnr orrion.

JOHN I1, BECK, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

OIL-BURNER.

Application filed March 13, 1918.

7. '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. BECK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of I-I-ampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to oil burners. I employ the title in question for convenience, and for the further reason that it is conceivable that fluids other than oil may meet my conditions in a desirable manner. I have obtained excellent results, however, by the use of kerosene or as it is also known coal oil. The burner is susceptible of general use, although it is of especial utility when employed for illustration as a substitute for coal, wood or their equivalents. In this particular case the burner may be mounted in the lire pot or combustion chamber of a range, a furnace or analogous device. By

the structure I secure several advantages,

among these being the production of a flame susceptible of generating a high degree of heat and one which will be blue in color, which is an important consideration. An other point is the fact that the gaseous supply of whatever its nature is fed to the burner proper in a comparatively quiet manner; in other words I eliminate and virtually remove noise at this particular point which at the present time is an objection to certain types of burners. There are other features of novelty and advantage which with the foregoing will be set forth in detail in the following description, wherein I will outline fully those forms of embodiment of the invention which I have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. This disclosure is provided primarily to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. I may depart therefrom in several respects within the scope of the invention defined by the claims following said description. I

Referring to said drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of a burner and its adjuncts involving the invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of said burner.

Fig; 2% is top plan View of said. burner Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

Serial No. 222,229.

with the cover removed and with a part broken away.

. Fig. 4 is a front elevation.

Fig. 5 is atransverse section, and

Fig. 6 a rear elevation of the same.

Fig. 7 is a detail View in section of injector mechanism hereinafter more particularly described.

Fig. 8 is 'a cross section of a modification.

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of a modified form of mixing chamber.

Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

As already intimated the fluid discharged by the burner member hereinafter described may within limits vary. I have obtained as may be inferred excellent results by the va por derived from kerosene. This particular fluid may be supplied to the burner element in any desirable manner. It is preferably held under pressure. Initially it may be contained in a storage tank as 2 (Fig. 1) of suitable capacity and mounted in some desirable manner. In case of a furnace this tank can be situated in the cellar; it might be located in the kitchen, although-these are immaterial points. Thepressure for effecting the feed of the liquid from the tank 2 is obtained in any desirable manner, preferably by compressed air, and the-pump 3. is shown for this purpose. From the discharge side of the pump the duct 4 leads and is connected as illustrated with the top of the oil supply tank 2 which is shown equipped with the familiar pressure gage 2 subserving its one tomary function. The liquid from the tank is conveyed therefrom in some convenient way as by the duct 6 which extends through the top of the tank almost [to the bottom thereof and to the tube or fitting 7 which is united as by the joint or elbow 7 to the pipe orduct 8, which in plan is virtually of U or return bend form, the fitting and elbow being associated with one leg of a vaporizing or retort pipe as 8, while an injector heroinafte-r described, is connected with the other leg thereof. The liquid, after passing the fitting 7 is vaporized as I will. hereinafter explain, and I provide means of a positive and certain nature for insm'ing accurate regulation of the supply of combustible at the burner as I will consider it.

burner member is denoted in a general Way by 10.- As shown this burner coniprises in its structure a base or foundation as 11. Although it is of elongated rectangular form, this is not necessarily a vital.

point. From the base rise the approximately parallel side walls 12 and 13 connected at their rear ends by the cross wall 14, the severalwallsbeing separated from the margin of the base 11 and inc-losing the mixing chamber 15. These opposite side walls 12 13 res ectively are practically flat plates 16 and 1 which have associated with them at the rear a plate 18 also spaced from the end wall 14;,the several plates 16, 17 and 18 each having a multiplicity of perforations for the escape of the combustible gas to be lighted at their outlets which are situated as will be inferred, exiteriorly of the several perforated plates. The upper edges of these perforated plates are flush and in the plane of the side and end walls "already referred to. The parts are positively separated by spacing members each denoted by 19. There is, therefore, a space or interval between the walls 12, 1 3 and 14 and the perforated plates 16, 17 and 18 respectively. The perforated plates are practically clamped inposition at their bases by the'joint action of the spacing members 19 and the lips 20 rising from the marginal portion of the base 11.

The top of the mixing chamber 15 is covered by the perforated plate 21 which abuts substantially and solidly at its sides and rear end against the side and end walls 12, 13 and '14- respectively. This perforated plate21 constituting a convenient roof or cover for the mixing chamber 15,'is as shown flush with the upper edges of the several Walls 12, 13 and 1 1. Said n'lixing chamber s open at the front to receive an injector and associated parts, as I will hereinafter set forth. The burner structure is provided with a cap as 22 fitted over the perforated side and end plates 16 and 17 respectively,

. the pendent side and rear end walls of this cover or cap being rabbeted to receive said perforated plates. the cap or cover is spaced from the perforated plate 21 to present part of a chamber 23,the-branches of this chamber being between the walls 12, 13 and 14: and plates 16, 17 and 18 respectively. This chamber with its branches constitutes a suitable gas chamber, the gas passing therefrom laterally or sidewise'through the perforation or outlets of the several plates 16, 17 and '18 and being ignited on the outer "surface of The upper portion of and practically hook-like lugs or ears 24: to

receive and support the pipe 8 to which I have already referred.

I prefer to provide means of a positive nature for retarding the passage of the gaseous substance through the mixing chamber 15 as to insure uniform discharge of the fluid through the perforations of the several plates 16, 17 and 18. Such means may vary decidedly. I have shown and will now describe two of the several ways for accomplishing this particular result. On reference for instance to Figs. 2 and 3, it will beobserved that the mixing chamber 15 has approximately cent-rally of its length the partition 26 which is shown perforated from side to side thereof and throughout practically its entire length, the ends of this partition conveniently fitting channels. or grooves presented by'the beads 27 on the inner sides of'the opposite side walls 12 and 13. The vapor is projected at a fairly considerable velocity against this plate, and its movement is thus retarded sufficiently to insure the uniform filling of the mixing chamber 15 and consequently the uniform passage of the combustible gas to the burner surface or area already described. Instead of employing this single retarding partition or plate 26, Imay provide as shown for illustration by Fig. 9 several imperfo rate baffles 27 arranged in staggered order longitudinally of the mixing chamber 15. These areonly two ways of accomplishing the object sought.

As will be inferred the fluid in liquid state is conveyed by the tube 6, and hollow wire as it is known may be utilized in the formation of this tube and similar tubes described before it. The liquid'suh" stance is directed by the tube 6 into the fitting 7 and passes therefrom by a valved outlet hereinafter described, into the pipe or conduit 8 which as referred to is of practically U-form in plan. The liquid in this pipe 8 or its equivalent may be vaporized in a number of different ways. two of which I will set forth. Below the pipe 8 is a companion pipe or duct'28 registering in fact with the pipe 8, the two as shown being of corresponding shape in plan. One end of the pipe 28 is closed for instance by the plug 29,'while the other end has a connection as by thepipe 30 with for illustration the. city supply of artificial gas, the pipe 30 being equipped with a valve 31 having a nipple 32 for the connection in the present case of a rubber tube to supply gas when the valve 31 is opened to the pipe 30 to be delivered thereby into the pipe 28 which has on its upper side a multiplicity of orifices 33 for the escape of the gas which is ignited on the upper side of the pipe 28 to effect vaporization of the contents of the pipe or conduit 8. The valve 31 and its adjuncts being quite old need no specific description. As a matter of fact artificial gas is merely one of several ways by which I can obtain vaporization of the gaseous liquid fuel provided the same be used. The branches of the pipe or conduit 28 are united by the web 35 and from the pipe rise the lugs 36 overlapping complemental lugs 37 depending'from the base 11, the several mating lugs being separably united as by screws 38. By removing the screws 38 the pipe or conduit 28 and its parts can be easily and quickly separated from the remainder of the structure.

As I have already stated there are many ways for effecting vaporization of the combustible liquid, and I have described one. In Fig. 8 I have shown another. In this particular arrangement there is a plate 40 which will be situated fixedly below the pipe or conduit 8. This plate 40 is provided with a marginal upwardly extending flange 41 and has in addition a channel or gutter 42, the sides and ends of which are practically just below the corresponding parts of the pipe 8. Into this channel or gutter 42 a combustible liquid of suitable kind can be poured and ignited, so that the heat rising therefrom can act against the supply pipe 8 in such manner as to effect necessary vaporization of the fluid entering the mixing chamber 15. The vaporization of this fluid may be obtained in many other different ways, and it is conceivable that in some cases no means may be requisite to obtain this particular result. q

The fitting 7 as Ihave broadly termed it, has a longitudinal bore 43, terminating at its upper end in a cavity or chamber 44 which receives the valve l5 prevented from abnormal movement by the stop 46 extending across the entering end of the conduit or pipe8. The valve 45, however, has a certain amount of free movement. I might note that the valve mechanism already alluded to briefly and now tobe further described in detail, is one quite convenient for my purposes. It is possible that an organization of different character, yet within the invention, will meet my purposes. It isto be noted that the bore or passage 43 is of considerably less diameter than that of the spherical or ball valve 45, and owing to this particular condition I provide a way of automatically regulating the gaseous vapor in order to maintain a constant or uniform supply for consumption. The liquid under pressure, air pressure as I have already itially ignited,

noted, passes into the bore or passage 13 and initially lifts the valve 4-5 and flows into and the length of the pipe or conduit 8 whereby the heat issuing from the orifices 3'3 or their equivalent, vaporization is accomplished. The vapor passes from the pipe into the mixing chamber 15 where it iningles with atmospheric air. Naturally the vapor in the conduit or pipe 8 should not be of excessive quantity, and when it passes a certain point, it reacts against the valve 45 forcing the same against its seat and thus stopping the further passage of liquid from the pipe 6 and duct or passage 43, by virtue of which the flow of the liquid is automatically regulated with exact precision.

As I have already observed the gaseous vapor passes through the outlets or openings of the plates 16 and 17 and to facilitate theignition of this vapor one branch of the pipe 28 may be provided with a pilot extension as 47 rising therefrom. The gas issuing from this pilot extension 47 is inand when the gaseous vapor is discharged through the openings or orifices of the several plates l6, l7 and 18, the vapor is ignited by the flame from the pilot tube 4:7, and when this particular condition ensues, the gas throughthe tube '28 and necessarily pilot extension 4:7 will be extinguished by the manipulation of the valve 31. v i

The vaporous substance is directed intothe mixing chamber by what may be considered as an injector and its adjuncts which may within certain limits, vary as to structure, although I will now describe an organization which meets my conditions: The discharge or delivery end of the supply pipe 8 terminates in a return bend to the upper end of which is united by a fiuid-tight joint the body part 51 of the injector, being equipped with a packing 51 and a nut 51 through which passes the stem or spindle 52, furnished with a handle 53 :by which said stem can be rocked as I will hereinafter explain. Extending from this body 51 is a nozzle or tube 54, through which the gaseous vapor passes, and which is surrounded by a tube 55 connected with a hub of the body 51 inclosing yet longer than the nozzle 5i. Said tube has one or more circmnfe-rential openingsas 56 between the ends of the noz- Zle, for theadmission of atmospheric air. The gaseous vapor is delivered by way of the nozzle 54; into the tube 55 which directs it into the mixing chamber 15 from which it is discharged in the manner already set forth. The receiving end of the mixing chamber has within it the tube 57 furnished with an upstanding flange 58 fitted against the inner face of the front flange of the cap or cover 22. The part 57 is spaced from the tube 55 and its mouth is on an upwardoutward flare as at 59. This part 57 checks the gaseous vapor in its passage from the nozzle 54; and tube 55, its sides and roof and the base 11 contributing in this. The rear end of said part 57 directs the gaseous substance into the mixing chamber 15.

The lower or inner end ofthe stem 52 is provided with a disk 60 furnished with an eccentric pin 61 fitting a slot in the block 62 from which extends the needle 63'. Through the manipulation of the handle 53, the stem or shank 52 can be rocked, thus to effect through the intermediate parts the forward and backward movement of the needle 63 to clean the minute opening of the nozzle or tube 54: through which as will be understood the gaseous vapor passes.

It will be understood that the tube or as I sometimes term it tunnel 57 receives a sufficient amount of air and at the same time vapor from the nozzle or tube 54: necessary to maintain the requisite mixture. 1 The tube or tunnel 57 is of a length requisite to create a vacuum, the action of which is ample togive the proper mixture. I should call 'at tention to the fast that when the valve 81 is manipulated to cut off the supply of gas, the heat necessary to secure vaporization in the duct 8 is provided by the ignited mixture just lapping said duct. on the latter not only causes vaporization but causes the vapor to emerge from the nozzle or tube 52under increased velocity, it being understood that the oil when heated or vaporized is expanded seven hundred times its normal volume. The action of the ball valve 45 or its equivalent insures the possibility of just enough oil to give a constant and uniform pressure which is deter mined by the orifice or bore 43 and the pre ponderating orifice or chamber 44 in which said ball valve 45 is situated. This ignited mixture passing along the duct 8 heats said duct sufliciently to cause the necessary expansion and vaporization in exact quantity it being understood that too much heat-on said duct 8 will cause cracking and consequent carbonization. This carbonizationis eliminated by the structure, becausecxactly the precise amount of heat and no more is generated on top of the duct 8. This carbonizati on ordinarily is played entirely over the customary generator which causesit to fill up or carbonize and necessitates its cleaning at frequent intervals. I obviate this condition through the automatic regulation which'is accomplished through'the ball'valve and which as will be understood permits only a slight amount of oil to pass intothe generator or duct 8 or enough to vaporize.

It will be clear that the entrance to the mix ing chamber can be from any desirable point,

and need-not of course, be as illustrated.

The heat playing VVhatI claim is:

1. In an oil burner, a substantially .rectangular burner member, a generator, an injector extending from the generator, into the burner member, a tunnel element carried by theburnermember within the same and inclosing the injector, said tunnel element having a flared air inlet at its outer end and also having an outlet situated at a point beyond the outlet of the injector, the latter comprising two-tubes one longer than and surrounding the other, the two tubes being separated, and the outer tube having an air inlet. f i

2. A burner'member comprising a substantially rectangular base having a substantially rectangular walled portion rising therefrom and provided with a perforated top,the space inclosed'by the walled portion and the top constituting a chamber, means for the admission of a vaporous substance into said chamber, perforated plates resting on and rising from the base and spaced from said walled portion, and an imperforate cap for perforated plates, spaced from said perforated top. a a I 3. A'burner member comprising a substantially rectangular base having a substantially rectangular walled portion rising therefrom and provided with a perforated top, the space inclosed by the walled portion and the top constituting a chamber, means for the introduction ofavaporous substance into said chamber, perforated plates disposed ELPPI'OXlHltLtBlYylH rectangular order, resting. on-and rising from thebase and spaced from sald -walled portion and an approximately U- shaped vaporizing pipe disposed below theburner member and in correlation with the base thereof.

. 4. A burner =member comprising a base having an imperforate walled portion rising therefrom and provided with a perforated topthe space inclosed by the walled portion constituting a chamber, perforated plates resting on and rising from the base and spaced from the walled portion, a vaporizing pipe associated with'said base, means for directing fluid from the delivery end of said pipeinto said chamber, and a supply pipe for the fluid. I

5. A burner member comprising a base having a walled "portion rising therefrom and provided with a perforated top, the space inclosed bytthe walled portion and constituting a chamber, perforated plates resting; on and rising from. the base and spaced from the walled portion, an imperforate cap forthe perforated plates spaced from said perforated top, and means for retarding the passage of a gaseous substance along said chamber.

6.-A. burner member comprising a base having a Walled portion rising therefrom ported, and means for supplying gas from 10 and provided with a perforated top, the the generator to the burner member.

space inolosed by the Walled portion and top In testimony whereof I affix my signature constituting a chamber, perforated plates in the presence of two Witnesses.

resting on and rising from the base and A spaced from the Walled portion, and an im- JOHN BECK perforate cap for the perforated plates com- Witnesses:

bined With an approximately U-shaped gen- A. W. CUNNINGHAM,

erator on Which the burner member is sup- T. J. LOVETT, J r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). C. 

